Concept of Influence in Leadership

Concept of Influence in Leadership Influence is defined as the force one person exerts on another person to induce a change in the targeted individual. Influencing can change a persons behavior, attitude, goals, opinions, needs and values. Influence is a necessary part of leadership. It is concerned with how the leader affects followers. Influence is a necessary ingredient of leadership, without influence, leadership is non-existent. The influence dimension of leadership requires the leader to have an impact on the lives of those being led. To make a change in other people comes with an enormous amount of social and ethical burden. Various types of influence processes and the factors affecting them Leaders use variety of influence process to alter the behavior of people. The influence process changes according to the demands of the situation. Influence processes refer to the five ways leaders shape organizational variables including people and resources. The five influence processes are direct decisions, allocation of resources, reward system, selection and promotion of other leaders and role modeling. Each will be discussed in detail in the following paragraphs: Direct decisions:Â  Direct decisions provide the leaders the ability to influence the choices of their followers. This ability to influence comes with the control leaders have in formulating mission and vision aspects of an organization. The most important aspect giving power to leader in the organizational structure is their ability to influence the variables affecting their followers through direct decisions. Leaders ability to make decisions influencing organizational structure give them the power to dictate decision making in the organization and set overall direction of the organization. Allocation of resources: Leaders make use of their power over various organizational resources such as human, money and technological resources to significantly impact the way work is carried out in an organization. For example if a department is in serious need of funds a leader has the power to grant additional money to the department in addition to the portion allocated to the department in the annual budget. Reward system: Leader can make use of their power to reward to influence the actions and behaviors of their employees. A leader can offer monetary incentive to followers in case the followers conform to certain behavioral standards and achieve goals necessary for meeting the overall organization objective. Selection and promotion of other leaders: Leaders can also influence their followers by making use of their power to promote the leaders who meet individual as well as organizational goals and objectives. Role modeling: Finally one of the most important ways leaders can mould the behavior and opinion of their followers is by acting as a role model. Followers always follow the path leader is taking. If a leader possesses high moral and ethical standard there are greater chances that their followers will also have high ethical and moral standards. Analysis of the influence process used by Andrea Jung, Indra Nooyi, and Brenda Barnes Influence processes used by Andrea Jung Direct decisions: The CEO of Avon Corporation, Andrea Jung has taken numerous successful decisions that have changed the image of Avon in the beauty and cosmetics industry. She emphasized the importance of sales force saying that they were at the heart of Avon and that Avons future success depends on their efforts. She also strongly emphasized the importance of internet sales. Andrea Jung also worked to change Avons traditional focus from the 30-55 year old women to the younger 16-24 year old women citing the reason that this segment of around 17 million women has a purchasing power of over $100. She also eliminated seven layers of management and got rid of 25% of the senior staff. Allocation of resources: Andrea Jung strongly favors allocation of huge budget for the Research and development function of her organization, believing that it has potential to give off higher benefits in return. Andrea Jungs decision to invest heavily in RD paid off when the companys sales increased by 45% in 2004. Reward system: Sales representatives making huge profits for the company are rewarded with paid holiday trips to eye-catching tourist attractions like Tenerife, Cyprus and Madeira. Selection and promotion of other leaders: When Andrea Jung took over Avon Corporation there were no women past middle management. Today 85% of Avons top management team in U.S. being composed of females ([emailprotected], 2005). Role modeling: Andrea Jung with her determination, courage and distinctive managerial style is a wonderful role model for coming generations of female leaders. Influence processes used by Indra Nooyi Direct decisions: At PepsiCo. Indra Nooyi has been credited with several key decisions that have positively enhanced the performance the company. Her decisions including the divestiture of fast food restaurants (Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and KFC), the acquisition of Tropicana and the merger with Quaker Oats provide remarkable examples to the sharp talents Indra Nooyi has in turning ideas and plans into realities. Allocation of resources: Indra Nooyi redirected about one third of PepsiCos marketing budget this year towards social media campaigns and digital promotions including her ReFresh Project campaign. Indra Nooyi takes community building seriously and has undertaken a $20M grant program to help community building causes. Reward system: Apart from monetary rewards, Indra Nooyi strongly believes in the importance of non-monetary rewards as well. She sends the spouses and parents of her companys top performers personal hand written thank-you letters (Keller Price, 2011). Selection and promotion of other leaders: Indra Nooyi stresses the importance of developing future leaders so that when the top level leaders leave their jobs their absence is not felt (Keller Price, 2011). Role modeling: Indra Nooyi is a role model for millions of young girls back home in India. It is a signal to them that with extreme dedication and hard work they too can scale apparently unreachable heights. Influence processes used by Brenda Barnes Direct decisions: The CEO of Sara Lee has undertaken number of direct decisions during her tenure at the company. Her first major decision was to sell its non-core businesses to focus on the core business. She also decided to increase Sara Lees presence in the international market, because of this decision in 2008, 75% of the companys operating income came from international (non-U.S.) market. Allocation of resources: When Brenda Barnes first assumed the role of CEO of Sara Lee she took the decision to allocate $250m towards RD and marketing in addition to the allocated amount in budget, she undertook the decision to boost the annual sales at least by 2% to 4%. Reward system: At Sara Lee rewards are tied to employees performance on job. Employees are encouraged to buy companys stock and naturally it gives provides them an incentive to perform exceedingly well on their jobs since it will translate into profits for them (Griffin Moorhead, 2011). Selection and promotion of other leaders: Brenda Barnes promoted leaders to higher echelons of the organization depending on their skills and performance level on job (Griffin Moorhead, 2011). Role modeling: Brenda Barnes is a great role model for women looking for finding a balance between career and home. She took a career break and left her job as the CEO of Sara Lee for looking after her children (Bulik, 2004). Conclusion Influence is the force a person exerts on another person to change their opinion or alter their behaviors. Leaders frequently use a combination of influence strategies. It is a well-known fact that people who use a wider variety of tactics are typically perceived as having greater power and influence. Leaders have to determine the method that is most likely to influence others by considering the individuals, groups, and situations involved.

Issues in Multicultural Education Essay

Research has shown that teachers of diverse backgrounds can have a positive effect on the success of students of color. In Washington, the number of teachers of color is just seven percent compared to the twenty-four percent of students. In Seattle, over fifty percent of students are of color and only ten percent of Seattle teachers represent the diversity in their classroom. (Martinez-Foundation, 2011). Our children deserve to feel comfortable, motivated, respected, and understood in their schools and especially in their classrooms. If a teacher does not have the tools, resources, or education on how to use differentiated instruction in her class, and how to best understand the different cultures, some kids may fall behind in their ability to achieve academically. Our future depends on the children of today and the educations that they receive. Cultural competence is: †¢ Knowing the community where the school is located. †¢ Understanding all people have a unique world view. †¢ Using curriculum that is respectful of and relevant to the cultures represented in its student body. †¢ Being alert to the ways that culture affects who we are. †¢ Placing the locus of responsibility on the professional and the institution. †¢ Examining systems, structures, policies and practices for their impact on all students and families. †Cultural competence will allow teachers to successfully teach students who come from different cultural backgrounds.† (OSPI, 2011) There is now a way to enable the success of cultural competence among teachers in our city. Over 100 different languages are spoken in Seattle Public Schools, and 24 percent of the district’s 46,000 students are bilingual speakers. To meet the increasing need for bilingual teachers in both general and special education classes, Seattle Public Schools has partnered with the state’s Professional Educator Standards Board, the Seattle Education Association and City University to provide a dual certification program for the district’s paraprofessionals. Cultural competence provides a set of skills that professionals need in order to improve practice to serve all students and communicate effectively with their families. (OSPI, 2011). Cultural competence training would give teachers the opportunity to confront their stereotypes and biases that they hold that directly affect the way teachers see, and teach their students. Biases and stereotypes within a teacher’s classroom can negatively affect the achievements of his/her students. One of the ways this program will be funded is through the SEA membership. The SEA membership believes in closing the academic achievement gap and that having classroom teachers that reflect our student population will help in accomplishing that goal,† comments Wendy Kimball, President of SEA. â€Å"Support for paraprofessionals and secretaries/office personnel is critical given the difficulty of going back to school to earn a teaching certificate and working full time.† Kimball continues, â€Å"SEA is committed to supporting staff with the resources of time and money so they can earn a certificate. The funding for this program came from reallocating money during the 2004-2009 contract bargaining from the sabbatical funds and a settlement agreement.† ( Kimball, 2011).

Peter Waldo and the Waldesians Essay

The Waldesians, a small community of Christians, originated in Lyon, France in the12th century. According to the Dictionary of Beliefs and Religions they rejected the authority of the pope, prayers for the dead and the veneration of saints. Despite severe persecution and excommunication by the Roman Catholic church over many years they have survived to the present day and have churches in Germany, Italy and in both North and South America. Peter Waldo ( also known as Pierre ( 1160 -1318) is said to have made a fortune by working as a merchant and   by lending money as a usurer, according to ‘The Conversion of Peter Waldo’ an anonymous document of about 1218.   The writer records how, in about 1173 Peter Waldo of Lyon heard a troubadour telling a story. He was enthralled and invited the story teller to his home. Waldo was so affected by what he heard that next day he went to a school of theology and asked what he should do. He was told :- â€Å"If thou wilt be perfect, go and sell all that thou hast,† ( Matthew 19 v 21) Waldo asked his wife which she would prefer to keep – his personal property or his real estate. She was not pleased at having to make any choice, but chose the real estate. He then placed his daughters in a convent and distributed the majority of his money, some to those he had misused, but most to the poor of the area. At that time there was a famine and several times each week he provided food for the people. The people thought he was mad. At the time of the Assumption of the blessed Virgin, casting some money among the village poor, he cried, â€Å"No man can serve two masters, God and mammon.† Then his fellow-citizens ran up, thinking he had lost his mind. But he said. :-   My fellow-citizens and friends, I not insane, as you think, but I am avenging myself on my enemies, who made me a slave, so that I was always more careful of money than of God, and served the creature rather than the Creator. I know that many will blame me that I act thus openly. But I do it both on my own account and on yours; on my own, so that those who see me henceforth possessing any money may say that I am mad, and on yours, that you may learn to place hope in God and not in riches.† Waldo was very interested in the Bible and in 1160 paid for a translation of it into the Romance language. Waldo began to travel about preaching. H e and his companions were known as ’the poor men of Lyon’. The group promoted pacifism according to Kreider and Yoder in ‘The History of Christianity’. ( page 25). The idea of lay folk, many of them illiterate, living in simple poverty was approved by the papacy at the Third Lateran Council in 1179. The pope did however add the proviso that they obtain permission to preach from local church authorities. At this time Waldo’s ideas were in keeping with the Catholic church. Waldo and his followers, by their poverty showed up the laxity and worldliness of many in the church and in 1181 the Archbishop of Lyon banned them from preaching. In 1184 they were excommunicated by the pope. So what had begun as a popular movement had become heresy in a few years. Although a few former Waldesians were welcomed back into the church the response of the majority   was to establish their own church with all the organization that implies – deacons, priests and bishops. Later they would claim that they were the only true church. They quickly became established in Lombardy and Provence Outbursts by the hierarchy of the Catholic church against unlicensed preaching and the group’s refusal to acknowledge the authority and need for the intermediary role of the clergy only served to make them identify Roman Catholicism as ‘the Great Whore of Babylon’ and thus not worthy of acknowledgement. They considered at that time that the validity o f the sacrament depended upon the worthiness of the celebrant   – and as they rejected the worthiness of Catholicism they rejected its priests and sacraments that they administered. Waldesians preferred to study the scriptures for themselves rather than have them interpreted for them by priests as was the rule a the time. Gradually they established churches in most parts of Europe an d became the most widespread of ‘heretic’ groups of the time. They rejected or re-interpreted Catholic sacraments. The eucharist was only celebrated annually and in theory anyone could administer it. The priest became simply ‘a good man’. Most feast days were rejected as not being Biblical . Because they could not find evidence for purgatory within the scriptures they rejected it together with the idea of prayers for the dead. Similar thinking led them to reject saints not mentioned in the Bible. Their ideas became mixed with that of other groups. In southern France for instance they mixed with the ideas of the Cathars. They were so oppressed that there was a crusade against them in 1488 according to Ronald Finucane the pope so feared   what he perceived as a threat to the stability o f the church that an attempt was made to destroy their whole culture. Organised attacks were made upon them in Provence and in Italy. The Waldesians would no t have fought back physically as they condemned war and the shedding of blood. By the time of the Reformation the Waldesians were in contact with many groups across Europe and there was consequently a great exchange of ideas. Many joined local Protestant churches. Gradually they were absorbed into the mainstream of the Protestant Reformation. Not without continued opposition however. In 1655 the Duke of Savoy for instance ordered members to take communion or sell their lands and leave his territory.   After hearing false reports twenty days later a massacre ensued. By this time the Waldesians were worshipping openly in French. In 1685 the king of France Louis XIV renounced the edit of Nantes and so made it illegal to be a Protestant in France. They were under penalty of death or banishment   if they refused to admit that they had been wrong. After the French Revolution the Protestants of Piedmont were finally given religious freedom to worship as they wished and in 1848, the king of Sardinia , who also ruled Savoy gave them full rights, both civil and religious. Today’s Waldesians consider themselves Protestants in the Calvin tradition. They accept the doctrines of mainstream Protestantism and celebrate only two sacraments – baptism and the Eucharist. Authority is exercised by a yearly synod and individual churches by the pastor and a council of members. This is perhaps far removed from one man giving away his wealth and life style for the gospels sake, but the Waldesian church has evolved as all churches do, while at the same time remaining true to its ideals of justice, freedom conscience, and respect for religious diversity. This is exemplified in the American Waldesian Aid Society who carry out such activities as earthquake relief, the care of orphans of war and give help to refugees as well as the formation of Italian language Protestant churches. The fact that they are now considered as a mainstream church can be seen by their close links with the Methodist church and their links with the ecumenical movement . The Waldesians may be numerically a small group,   as they always were , but they were the forerunners of Protestantism and so are worthy of their place in church history. Works cited American Waldesian Aid Society found at http://www.waldensian.org/aws01.php and retrieved 13th November 2007 Finucane,R. 1980, The Waldesians in The History of Chrsitianity, Lion Publishing, Hertfordshire. Goring R. ( editor)1992 Chambers Dictionary of Beliefs and Religions, Chambers, Edinburgh. Kreider, A and Yoder, J. 1980, Christians and War in The History of Christianity, Lion Publishing , Hertfordshire. Robinson, J.H.( translator) The Conversion of Peter Waldo found at http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/waldo1.html and retrieved 14th November 2007 Waldesians   found at   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldensians#Later_history and retrieved 13th November 2007   

Analysis Of The Poem - 896 Words

The Deformity The bright lights and unknown voices travelled around me. It surly wasn’t the first time I had experienced this, but it was the first time I could actually recognize what was going on. They tried to ease my nervousness with their soothing words, but being so anxious nothing could soothe me. It all started at birth. My deformity was nothing new to the medical world, but in my parent’s eyes it was something out of fiction. My feet were turned in like hockey sticks. In medical jargon it is noted as â€Å"club foot† which is a perfect description. But of course my parents being who they are dismissed my quark and accepted me and fell in love. This could be said about the rest of my family too, but when they finally were able to conceive what was actually occurring they became weary and quite sad, especially my grandfather. When he first picked me up he took me to the corner seat of the hospital room and cried. But, his fear and sadness did come with love and acceptance. 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Unusual Article Uncovers the Deceptive Practices of Samples of Beginning Essay to Certain College

Unusual Article Uncovers the Deceptive Practices of Samples of Beginning Essay to Certain College For example, say you really need the opportunity to learn from the world-famous Professor X. Click the category, and you'll see all the available samples. Elect for the very best website, find the required topic and kind of essay, learn the fundamentals, check the samples and ensure that your text will receive the best score. Furthermore, there's a big database of high-quality narrative, persuasive, argumentative and other kinds of essays on the most fascinating and exclusive topics. Besides the phonetic rhythm, it is crucial to produce your essay dynamic by its sense. A few of the essays require that you describe what's happening and a number of them are about why it's happening. A leadership essay provides the readers an intensive perspective on the expression and the way it varies in a variety of fields of life. A Secret Weapon for Samples of Beginning Essay to Certain College Being in college might be a little struggle for some. Reading can help us to accomplish truly amazing things and at the very same time is among the most effective ways to lessen your stress level and can even assist you by gaining the knowledge you must fix problems. A lot of samples, undeniable quality, easy access, and lots different advantages are provided by the platform. A terrifying truth is that the use of cellular phones only increases, and the range of accidents increases as well. It's very difficult to acknowledge that a very simple phone call can end somebody's life. It is simpler to receive two totally different alternatives. The History of Samples of Beginning Essay to Certain College Refuted Your Personal Interests The simplest consideration in the selection of a college major or college course is, needless to say, what you desire. It's also wise to know about what you're getting into when picking a college major. Not all courses are made equal. Picking a training course is truly a hard choice to make. Teaching housekeeping at school can be looked at from various perspectives. Main education is just one of the most crucial components of the education practice. The Electoral College has existed since the start of democracy in the us. The Battle Over Samples of Beginning Essay to Certain College and How to Win It An essay is a brief bit of writing, which expresses certain info and the writer's opinion on the matter. It gives you an opportunity to show how effectively you can read and comprehend a passage and write an essay analyzing the passage. Your essay should be unique to you. A Rogerian essay is a sort of argumentative essay. The significance of leadership needs to be clear to the readers in the essay with appropriate comprehension. For example, if you're assigned with scholarship essay on leadership then it is important to know every aspect and essentials of leadership before writing the essay. The decision of the leadership essay another major part that needs the utmost attention on the face of the essay writer. While there are efforts to prevent a faithless elector, it can never be sure to stop. A typical essay comprises various information that's often located at specific portions of the essay. Possessing good essay examples provides the reader an in-depth and on-the-court idea about what a well structured and coherent essay appears like. The standard structure of a Rogerian essay is composed of four parts. If you're in the center of your essay writing procedure, you are going to want to see our suggestions on what essay pitfalls to prevent. Second, that you'll be a very good fit for the institution. Your final result needs to be your thesis statement. To compose a very good Rogerian essay you should pass through the next six steps. An excellent college essay introduction is essential to making your essay stand out, so there's a great deal of pressure to receive it exactly perfect. Writing an essay isn't a simple endeavor. Writing your essay will be a lot simpler if you work out the entirety of it first and just then return and work out just the way that it should start. So whenever you're writing an essay on leadership make sure you're preparing an outline for it at the key level. Top-quality essay writing help is provided to the students at an extremely nominal cost by the expert essay helpers.

Ethics and Related Philosophies - 4468 Words

I. DEFINITION OF ETHICS Rushworth Kidder states that standard definitions of ethics have typically included such phrases as the science of the ideal human character or the science of moral duty . Ethics, sometimes known as philosophical ethics, ethical theory, moral theory, and moral philosophy, is a branch ofphilosophy that involves systematizing, defending and recommending concepts of right and wrong conduct, often addressing disputes of moral diversity. The term comes from the Greek word á ¼  ÃŽ ¸ÃŽ ¹ÃŽ ºÃÅ'Ï‚ ethikos from á ¼ ¦ÃŽ ¸ÃŽ ¿Ãâ€š ethos, which means custom, habit. The superfield within philosophy known as axiology includes both ethics and aesthetics and is unified by each sub-branchs concern with value. Philosophical ethics investigates what is†¦show more content†¦Consequently, distinguishing the philosophical beliefs of Socrates from those of Plato and Xenophon is not easy and it must be remembered that what is attributed to Socrates might more closely reflect the specific concerns of these thinkers. The matter is complicated because the historical Socrates seems to have been notorious for asking questions but not answering, claiming to lack wisdom concerning the subjects about which he questioned others. If anything in general can be said about the philosophical beliefs of Socrates, it is that he was morally, intellectually, and politically at odds with many of his fellow Athenians. When he is on trial for heresy and corrupting the minds of the youth of Athens, he uses his method of elenchos to demonstrate to the jurors that their moral values are wrong-headed. He tells them they are concerned with their families, careers, and political responsibilities when they ought to be worried about the welfare of their souls. Socrates assertion that the gods had singled him out as a divine emissary seemed to provoke irritation, if not outright ridicule. Socrates also questioned the Sophistic doctrine that arete (virtue) can be taught. He liked to observe that successful fathers (such as the prominent military general Pericles)Show MoreRelatedPositive And Negative Impact On The Performance Of Your Athletes937 Words   |  4 Pagesathletes. One of the primary tenets of social cognitive theory i s that individuals learn by observing and imitating the behaviors of models.† An ethical coaching behavior is positively related to student athletes or in some cases negative. Throughout the article they mention how abusive coaching behavior can be related to willingness to cheat. 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In comparison to a family, the owner may be considered the matriarch and employees considered sons and daughters. Based on that assumption, the responsibility for success and prosperity lie solely on the leader. Family success is based on the philosophy of values and morals of its matriarch that are passed down to the childrenRead More Computer Ethics Essay1361 Words   |  6 PagesComputer Ethics A Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics (see Appendix A) was first presented by Dr. Ramon C. Barquins in his paper for the Computer Ethics Institute of the Brookings Institution entitled, In Pursuit of a Ten Commandments for Computer Ethics in May of 1992. Computer ethics is about principles related to behavior and decisions made by computer professionals and users, including software engineers, operators, managers, policy makers, as well as educators and students. This means

Integrated Marketing Communication Campaign Free Solution

Question: Discuss about the Integrated Marketing Communication Campaign. Answer: Introduction: The experience I have gathered during the IMC campaign provided me an insightful knowledge regarding the integrated market communication. When we conduct any particular study, it is necessary for us to receive the relevant information regarding the underlying concept (Higgins, 2011). However, I can contemplate that the period during conducting such study makes me find my self-potentiality and self-conscience. During this IMC campaign, the first task for me was to find a relevant topic on the mentioned subject matter. I preferred the topic Integrated Marketing Communication. This Integrated Marketing Communication is a procedure that is focusing on diversified communicational process and messages that are interlinked. I had to concentrate on the entire promotional tools and in-depth analysis of the concept (Hickson, 2011). After selecting the topic, it was my responsibility to select the proper case scenario where this integrated communication process has been undertaken. However, it was quite essential for me to undertake the justified methodology that can be fruitful enough to describe the conceptual process. The study was classified into two major sections, such as documentation and presentation. However, in order to conduct the proper research on the underlying issues, I have gone through many researches related to the subject matter. I have noticed that in order to conduct the entire research study, I needed to gather the fruitful information as much as possible. Therefore, I selected Ford Motors and started collecting the information about the communication process associated with the internal and external scenario of the company. However during such campaign I learnt about the missions and values of the company by gathering relevant information about the company background. It is noticed that the slogan of the company is Bold Move. At the initial stage I started collecting more information about the company from their official websites. I came across the fact that the company has been dealing with almost 927,531 employees and has been earning almost $2 billion per year. However, duri ng this research process, I have used the updated journal articles, which contained the information regarding the management communication process undertaken in Ford. However, while developing an IMC campaign, I have experienced several sequential procedures. At the first stage, I have found that the company has focused on the target customers at the initial stage. I have learnt that while undertaking the proper integrated communication process, it is essential to understand the target audience or customers. The recognition of their needs and demands helps the business design for communicating with the internal and the external stakeholders. The demographic feature of the customers was much preferable for structuring the promotional activities of the product or services. It was quite promising journey for me. I could gather knowledge about the business promotional services. It was quite interesting for me to associate myself with a business process, which can be helpful enough for my future. I could learn about the different communication processes that are useful for the business activities. In fact, it was quite challenging for me to derive the ideas about the different communication procedure that can attract more customers towards the offered products or services. Reflections on the Articles While conducting the IMC campaign, I came across several conceptual and insightful ideas about integrated market communication. The gathered information from the secondary sources are providing the in-depth analysis of the integrated communication process. Reviewing the first article, I came across the fact that the proper packaging system can create the impact on customers mind. It is to be indicated that the business companies ensure the value added service through the proper packaging system. I have learnt that the role of distribution has to be remarkable enough to travel the product safety. In fact, I have also observed that the companies try to identify the basic needs and preferences at the initial stages. Accordingly, these companies design the products to attract more customers and participate in the competitive scenario. However, the article points out that in order to make the packaging systems become more expensive. The material costs, machinery costs, and other implement ation costs are involved during such effective packaging systems. Therefore, it is important to prepare the budget at the initial stage. During such research process, I have thus learnt to prepare a budget with proper planning of integrated marketing communication system. I have noted that the structured planning is essential for each of the business process. In this article, it has been mentioned that one of the US manufacturing companies spent almost $17 billion for the advertising campaigns. I have also observed that the evaluation of the packaging system involves several factors, such as visible, emotionally appealing, informative, and workable. While purchasing any product or customers, people expect these specific features more specifically. As per my recognition, I can infer that by the term visibility, the customers generally refers how frequent the products or services are available. In case of Ford Motors, it can be specified that the company has acquired many other car companies like Jaguar and Mazda. Therefore, the customers of these cars would specifically look for the similar feature and the frequent availability. The measurement of such visibility is generally perceptual and it also shows several differences. The attitudes towards accepting the package is needed to be noticed to determine the next step of the promotional activities (Twedt, 1968). The next criterion is information, which provides the knowledge and features of the products or service. I have found that many of the companies add more exaggerated contents in the propaganda of the promotional activities. However, it is a general strategy of the business companies to attract more customers towards the offered products or services. Nonetheless, the customers prefer to derive more knowledge about the products and compare them with the other similar products available in the market. The third aspect is emotional appeals, which involves texture, colour, illustrations, packaging materials, shape, and typology (Twedt, 1968). While conducting such campaigns, I have noticed that customers usually get attracted towards the products by judging such emotionally appealing features. Mostly, Ford Motors have been paying the attention towards the colour and structures to provide the customers well-designed cars and other automobile services. On the other hand, it is important for me to mention about the workability of the products and services that the customers will purchase. I have found that in this current time, the modern packages are based on the product containers. However, while purchasing any products or services, customers examine whether the product is workable or not. Therefore, it is much necessary to provide the high quality products in order to retain their customers. By observing all such criteria, it can be inferred that it is useful enough to identify the most preferable factor that can attract more customers. In concerning the IMC campaign undertaken by Ford Motors, information and visibility would be much preferable. If the customers would receive the frequent access to the products or services, it would generate the sense of reliability towards the brand. In concluding the conceptual ideas about this particular article, it will be justified to mention that the packaging strategy is one of the most co nvenient processes of advertising. Thus, packaging is signified as the biggest of all other advertisement media. Hence, the company requires concentrating on the effective packaging process to generate the customers attention. During this campaign, I have gathered the knowledge about the integrated marketing communication process by reviewing several articles. The second article specifies the contradiction between sales and marketing process. During such period, I have come across a diversified ways of conducting the business and enhance productivity. The collaboration between sales and marketing process has thus become much prominent in several companies. By keeping pace with the upgraded business scenario, the companies started to realise that the company should not waste time in consulting with other co-workers before designing any products (Kotler, Rackham Krishnaswamy, 2006). Especially, in the manufacturing industries, such realisation has become much prominent. In such time, they feel that the companies should undertake the fruitful strategy that can save such times and money and attract the customers simultaneously. During the sales promotions, it has been noticed that the companies require more s ales persons to sale the products to the customers (Kotler, Rackham Krishnaswamy, 2006). However, the innovative marketing procedures have been focusing on implementing different advertisement strategies that will automatically attract more customers towards acquiring the products and services offered by the company. I have noticed in this article that many smaller companies do not follow the proper structure of the marketing parameters. In such times, these companies require the skilled marketing persons who can guide well and conduct the business in a structured way. The article shows the different roles of marketing that are usually foreseen in the business functionalities (Kotler, Rackham Krishnaswamy, 2006). The companies select the most suitable marketing strategies that are justified for the product features. When the companies grow larger, the existing executives try to use the innovative practices to make the most use of the marketing functions. The companies concentrate on the 4Ps of marketing, which signifies people, place, product, and promotions. These factors are essentially needed to be realised in order to derive supports from the customers. Therefore, it is also necessary to recognise the basic needs and demands of the customers. The establishment of the transparent communicatio n would thus be helpful enough in identifying their needs. Reviewing this article, I could also learn about the effectiveness of establishing the interpersonal relationship with the customers. The article identifies the different types of the relationships that can be fruitful for the business purposes. Overall, the campaign was quite memorable for me. This journey did not only strengthen my will power and interest, it even helped me in recognising my self-potentiality. Gathering the information about the subject matter along with the case scenario was quite difficult for me at the initial stage. However, the supports from my professors, supervisors and friends made this possible more effectively. I have recognised the challenges that the companies usually face while establishing the proper communication channel. I have also identified the different business functionalities that help in increasing the organisational productivity. It has been clear to me that the recognition of the needs of the customers is the prime responsibility of each company. When the companies will be able to satisfy the expectations of the customers, it will reflect on the business growth. The self potentiality is essential for conducting any business research. The research has been helpful for my future career as well. When I came across several learning related to the integrated marketing communications, I have found the hazards and challenges that are quite frequent. The companies face the hazardous situations in communicating about the different needs of diversified customers. I have also learnt that the establishment of the interpersonal relationship would be much beneficial in such times. When the customers feel the sense of reliability towards the brand, it would create the impact on their minds. Therefore, even when the company launches any new products, the supports form the loyal customers would help in achieving growth. Preferably, the customers seek for extra benefits and the unique approaches that can draw their attention. The comparison between the various ranges of products is always present. Therefore, it is necessary to undertake more innovative approaches or the unique advertisement strategies that will be appreciable enou gh to gather customers responses. However, overall, I can state that the journey of conducting such business research has been much promising for me. It helped me in overcoming the challenges that I may also face in my later professional life (Hedberg, 2009). I shall now illustrate the business scenario in a prominent manner to create a structured plan on integrated marketing communication. The conceptual ideas about such subject matter have helped me in taking the appropriate decision for the business. References Hedberg, P. R. (2009). Learning through reflective classroom practice applications to educate the reflective manager. Journal of Management Education, 33(1), 1036. Hickson, H. (2011). Critical reflection: Reflecting on learning to be reflective. Reflective Practice, 12(6), 829-839. Higgins, D. (2011). Why reflect? Recognising the link between learning and reflection. Reflective Practice, 12(5), 583-584. Kotler, P., Rackham, N., Krishnaswamy, S. (2006). Ending the war between sales and marketing.Harvard Business Review,84(7/8), 68. Twedt, D. W. (1968). How much value can be added through packaging?.Journal of Marketing,32(1), 58-61.